AREAS OF RESEARCH
Comparative Perspectives on Democratic Institutions, Constitutional Law and Theory, Democracy and Law, Election Law, Terrorism and the Law
Richard Pildes is one of the nation’s leading scholars of constitutional law and a specialist in legal issues concerning democracy. A former law clerk to Justice Thurgood Marshall, he has been elected into the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the American Law Institute, and has also received recognition as a Guggenheim Fellow and a Carnegie Scholar. President Biden appointed him to the President’s Commission on the Supreme Court of the United States. In dozens of articles and his acclaimed casebook, The Law of Democracy, he has helped create an entirely new field of study in the law schools. His work in this field systematically explores legal and policy issues concerning the structure of democratic elections and institutions, such as the role of money in politics, the design of election districts, the regulation of political parties, the structure of voting systems, the representation of minority interests in democratic institutions, and similar issues. He has written on the rise of political polarization in the United States, the transformation of the presidential nominations process, the Voting Rights Act (including editing a book titled The Future of the Voting Rights Act), the dysfunction of America’s political processes, the role of the Supreme Court in overseeing American democracy, and the powers of the American President and Congress. In addition to his scholarship in these areas, he has written on national-security law, the design of the regulatory state, and American constitutional history and theory. As a lawyer, Pildes has successfully argued voting-rights and election-law cases before the United States Supreme Court and the courts of appeals, and as a well-known public commentator, he writes frequently for The New York Times, The Washington Post, and was part of the Emmy-nominated NBC breaking-news team for coverage of the 2000 Bush v. Gore contest.
This Colloquium is designed for students who want to be exposed to the best contemporary academic work in constitutional law and theory -- with that subject being broadly understood to include work in public law, including not only constitutional but administrative law as well as other areas. Every other week, one of the leading academics in the United States will present their current work; NYU faculty and students in the Colloquium will then ask questions and engage in a dialogue with the speaker. In the weeks without a speaker, students will discuss the papers to be presented and related work with the Colloquium leaders. Students will regularly be required to write reaction papers to the work being presented. This Colloquium is particularly oriented to students who might be contemplating academic careers at some point down the road and to those interested in academic work.
This class will review constitutional structures of democracy in a variety of countries. We will have presentations by visitors in about half the classes, including judges from constitutional courts around the world. The focus will be constitutional oversight of democracy, judicial review of the structure of the political process, and the way modern constitutions are used to stabilize democratic regimes.
This seminar will explore major contemporary and historical controversies concerning the powers and constraints on the powers of the President. Some of the general issues studied will include the scope of unilateral executive powers; broad delegations by Congress to the President; executive privilege; the scope of congressional oversight; impeachment; the separation of powers; and the scope of judicial review of presidential actions. Readings and discussion will center on the historical development of legal doctrine on these issues and the increase in the visibility and intensity of these issues over the last several administrations. Materials will include judicial decisions as well as case studies of current and recent issues. We will examine these issues both as legal matters and from the perspective of the real-world functioning of the White House and Congress. Some of the larger themes we will explore include the growth of presidential powers over time and how presidential power should be understood in an era of highly polarized political parties. Class participation is expected. There will be no exam, but a requirement of a 20-25 paper on an approved topic related to the issues covered in the seminar.
The central institutions of the regulatory state are legislatures and administrative agencies, not courts. The central sources of law are authoritative legal texts, like statutes, not common-law decisions. How do lawyers work with the distinct institutions and the legal sources of authority of the regulatory state? How do we think in theory about what justifies the rise of the regulatory state, what the pathologies of this state might be, and how we might improve the quality of regulation? Is cost-benefit analysis, for example, a pernicious technocratic tool that allows elites to smuggle their ideological preferences into public policy? Or is it one of the few tools to bring a degree of rationality and common sense to an out-of-control regulatory state that stumbles erratically from problem to problem with no coherent sense of purpose? Indeed, what does it mean for public policy to be "rational" at all?
This course provides broad exposure to the way the law structures American democracy and the political process. We will cover issues such as the right to vote; the presidential nomination and election process; the Voting Rights Act; the role of political parties in American democracy; campaign finance and the role of money in politics; political polarization and its consequences; redistricting and partisan gerrymandering; and new systems of voting, such as ranked-choice voting. We will study the historical development of American institutions and of these specific issues; the doctrinal structure and development of current law; the policy consequences for American democracy of the relevant legal rules; and possible directions for reform. The course draws on the professor's experience litigating cases on these issues and working on campaigns. Students should come away with a deeper understanding of how American democracy has developed and currently functions; the role of legal doctrine and legislation in shaping our politics; and deeper perspective on many reform proposals currently being discussed.
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